Random changes.

rtchallenge/examples/eoc14.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+use std::time::Instant;
+
+use anyhow::Result;
+use structopt::StructOpt;
+
+use rtchallenge::prelude::*;
+
+use rtchallenge::{
+    camera::RenderStrategy,
+    float::consts::PI,
+    patterns::{test_pattern, BLACK_PAT, WHITE_PAT},
+    WHITE,
+};
+
+/// End of chapter 14 challenge.
+#[derive(StructOpt, Debug)]
+#[structopt(name = "eoc14")]
+struct Opt {
+    /// Strategy for casting rays into image.
+    #[structopt(long, default_value = "rayon")]
+    render_strategy: RenderStrategy,
+    /// Number of samples per pixel.  0 renders from the center of the pixel, 1 or more samples N
+    /// times randomly across the pixel.
+    #[structopt(short, long, default_value = "0")]
+    samples: usize,
+    /// Rendered image width in pixels.
+    #[structopt(short, long, default_value = "2560")]
+    width: usize,
+    /// Rendered image height in pixels.
+    #[structopt(short, long, default_value = "1440")]
+    height: usize,
+}
+
+fn main() -> Result<()> {
+    let start = Instant::now();
+    let opt = Opt::from_args();
+
+    let light1 = PointLightBuilder::default()
+        .position(point(-5., 5., -5.))
+        .intensity(WHITE)
+        .build()?;
+    let light2 = PointLightBuilder::default()
+        .position(point(5., 5., -5.))
+        .intensity([0.2, 0.2, 0.6])
+        .build()?;
+    let light3 = PointLightBuilder::default()
+        .position(point(0., 2., -5.))
+        .intensity([0.2, 0.2, 0.1])
+        .build()?;
+
+    let from = point(2., 8., -10.);
+    let to = point(2., 2., -1.);
+    let up = point(0., 1., 0.);
+    let camera = CameraBuilder::default()
+        .hsize(opt.width)
+        .vsize(opt.height)
+        .field_of_view(PI / 12.)
+        .transform(view_transform(from, to, up))
+        .render_strategy(opt.render_strategy)
+        .samples_per_pixel(opt.samples)
+        .build()?;
+
+    let floor = plane()
+        .material(
+            MaterialBuilder::default()
+                .color(
+                    checkers_pattern(
+                        ring_pattern([0.8, 0.8, 0.2].into(), [0.8, 0.2, 0.8].into())
+                            .transform(scaling(1. / 8., 1. / 8., 1. / 8.))
+                            .build()?,
+                        ring_pattern([0.2, 0.8, 0.2].into(), [0.8, 0.2, 0.2].into())
+                            .transform(scaling(1. / 4., 1. / 4., 1. / 4.))
+                            .build()?,
+                    )
+                    .transform(translation(0., 1., 0.) * scaling(2., 2., 2.))
+                    .build()?,
+                )
+                .specular(0.)
+                .reflective(0.5)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .build()?;
+    let sphere_size = scaling(0.5, 0.5, 0.5);
+
+    let x1y1 = sphere()
+        .transform(translation(1., 1., 0.) * sphere_size)
+        .material(
+            MaterialBuilder::default()
+                .color(
+                    gradient_pattern([0., 0., 1.].into(), [1., 1., 0.].into())
+                        .transform(scaling(2., 1., 1.) * translation(-0.5, 0., 0.))
+                        .build()?,
+                )
+                .diffuse(0.7)
+                .specular(0.3)
+                .reflective(0.5)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .build()?;
+
+    let x2y1 = sphere()
+        .transform(translation(2., 1., 0.) * sphere_size)
+        .material(
+            MaterialBuilder::default()
+                .color(stripe_pattern(WHITE_PAT, BLACK_PAT).build()?)
+                .diffuse(0.7)
+                .specular(0.3)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .build()?;
+
+    let x3y1 = sphere()
+        .transform(translation(3., 1., 0.) * sphere_size)
+        .material(
+            MaterialBuilder::default()
+                .color(
+                    stripe_pattern(WHITE_PAT, BLACK_PAT)
+                        .transform(scaling(0.2, 1., 1.))
+                        .build()?,
+                )
+                .diffuse(0.7)
+                .specular(0.0)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .build()?;
+
+    let x1y2 = sphere()
+        .transform(translation(1., 2., 0.) * sphere_size)
+        .material(
+            MaterialBuilder::default()
+                .color(test_pattern().build()?)
+                .diffuse(0.7)
+                .specular(0.3)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .build()?;
+
+    let x2y2 = sphere()
+        .transform(translation(2., 2., 0.) * sphere_size)
+        .material(
+            MaterialBuilder::default()
+                .color(
+                    ring_pattern(WHITE_PAT, BLACK_PAT)
+                        .transform(scaling(0.2, 0.2, 0.2))
+                        .build()?,
+                )
+                .diffuse(0.7)
+                .specular(0.3)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .build()?;
+
+    let x3y2 = sphere()
+        .transform(translation(3., 2., 0.) * sphere_size)
+        .material(
+            MaterialBuilder::default()
+                .color(
+                    checkers_pattern(WHITE_PAT, BLACK_PAT)
+                        .transform(scaling(0.5, 0.5, 0.5))
+                        .build()?,
+                )
+                .diffuse(0.7)
+                .specular(0.3)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .build()?;
+
+    let x1y2z1 = sphere()
+        .transform(translation(1., 2., -1.) * sphere_size)
+        .material(
+            MaterialBuilder::default()
+                .color([0.8, 0.2, 0.2])
+                .diffuse(0.7)
+                .specular(0.3)
+                .transparency(0.5)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .build()?;
+
+    let x2y2z1 = sphere()
+        .transform(translation(2., 2., -1.) * sphere_size)
+        .material(
+            MaterialBuilder::default()
+                .color([0.8, 0.2, 0.2])
+                .diffuse(0.7)
+                .specular(0.3)
+                .transparency(0.9)
+                .refractive_index(1.5)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .build()?;
+
+    let x3y2z1 = cube()
+        .transform(
+            translation(3., 2., -1.) * (sphere_size * scaling(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)) * rotation_y(PI / 4.),
+        )
+        .material(
+            MaterialBuilder::default()
+                .color([0.8, 0.8, 0.2])
+                .diffuse(0.7)
+                .specular(0.3)
+                .reflective(0.5)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .build()?;
+
+    let x2y4z1 = sphere()
+        .transform(translation(2., 4., 0.) * sphere_size)
+        .material(
+            MaterialBuilder::default()
+                .color([0.2, 0.2, 0.8])
+                .diffuse(0.7)
+                .specular(0.3)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .build()?;
+
+    let world = WorldBuilder::default()
+        .lights(vec![light1, light2, light3])
+        .objects(vec![
+            floor, x1y1, x2y1, x3y1, x1y2, x2y2, x3y2, x1y2z1, x2y2z1, x2y4z1, x3y2z1,
+        ])
+        .build()?;
+
+    let image = camera.render(&world);
+
+    let path = "/tmp/eoc14.png";
+    println!("saving output to {}", path);
+    image.write_to_file(path)?;
+    println!("Render time {:.3} seconds", start.elapsed().as_secs_f32());
+    Ok(())
+}

rtchallenge/examples/glass.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+use std::time::Instant;
+
+use anyhow::Result;
+use structopt::StructOpt;
+
+use rtchallenge::prelude::*;
+
+use rtchallenge::{
+    camera::RenderStrategy,
+    float::consts::PI,
+    patterns::{test_pattern, BLACK_PAT, WHITE_PAT},
+    WHITE,
+};
+
+/// Experiment with transparency.
+#[derive(StructOpt, Debug)]
+#[structopt(name = "glass")]
+struct Opt {
+    /// Strategy for casting rays into image.
+    #[structopt(long, default_value = "rayon")]
+    render_strategy: RenderStrategy,
+    /// Number of samples per pixel.  0 renders from the center of the pixel, 1 or more samples N
+    /// times randomly across the pixel.
+    #[structopt(short, long, default_value = "0")]
+    samples: usize,
+    /// Rendered image width in pixels.
+    #[structopt(short, long, default_value = "2560")]
+    width: usize,
+    /// Rendered image height in pixels.
+    #[structopt(short, long, default_value = "1440")]
+    height: usize,
+}
+
+fn main() -> Result<()> {
+    let start = Instant::now();
+    let opt = Opt::from_args();
+
+    let light1 = PointLightBuilder::default()
+        .position(point(-5., 5., -5.))
+        .intensity(WHITE)
+        .build()?;
+    let light2 = PointLightBuilder::default()
+        .position(point(5., 5., -5.))
+        .intensity([0.2, 0.2, 0.6])
+        .build()?;
+    let light3 = PointLightBuilder::default()
+        .position(point(0., 2., -5.))
+        .intensity([0.2, 0.2, 0.1])
+        .build()?;
+
+    let from = point(0., 0., -10.);
+    let to = point(0., 0., 0.);
+    let up = point(0., 1., 0.);
+    let camera = CameraBuilder::default()
+        .hsize(opt.width)
+        .vsize(opt.height)
+        .field_of_view(PI / 4.)
+        .transform(view_transform(from, to, up))
+        .render_strategy(opt.render_strategy)
+        .samples_per_pixel(opt.samples)
+        .build()?;
+
+    let floor = plane()
+        .transform(rotation_x(PI / 2.))
+        .material(
+            MaterialBuilder::default()
+                .color(checkers_pattern(BLACK_PAT, WHITE_PAT).build()?)
+                .reflective(0.5)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .build()?;
+    let ceiling = plane()
+        .transform(translation(0., 0., -20.) * rotation_x(PI / 2.))
+        .material(MaterialBuilder::default().color([0.2, 0.2, 0.8]).build()?)
+        .build()?;
+
+    let mut objects = Vec::new();
+    for x in 0..5 {
+        for y in 0..5 {
+            let trans = y as Float / 5.;
+            let index = 1. + x as Float / 5.;
+            dbg!(x, y, trans, index);
+            objects.push(
+                sphere()
+                    .transform(
+                        translation(x as Float - 2., y as Float - 2., -2.) * scaling(0.5, 0.5, 0.5),
+                    )
+                    .material(
+                        MaterialBuilder::default()
+                            .color([0.5, 0.5, 0.5])
+                            .transparency(trans)
+                            .refractive_index(index)
+                            .build()?,
+                    )
+                    .build()?,
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    objects.push(floor);
+    objects.push(ceiling);
+
+    let world = WorldBuilder::default()
+        .lights(vec![light1, light2, light3])
+        .objects(objects)
+        .build()?;
+
+    let image = camera.render(&world);
+
+    let path = "/tmp/glass.png";
+    println!("saving output to {}", path);
+    image.write_to_file(path)?;
+    println!("Render time {:.3} seconds", start.elapsed().as_secs_f32());
+    Ok(())
+}

rtchallenge/src/camera.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use crate::{
     Float, BLACK,
 };
 
-const MAX_DEPTH_RECURSION: usize = 5;
+const MAX_DEPTH_RECURSION: usize = 10;
 
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, StructOpt, Debug, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]

rtchallenge/src/lib.rs

@@ -50,5 +50,6 @@ pub mod prelude {
         transformations::view_transform,
         tuples::{point, vector, Color},
         world::{World, WorldBuilder},
+        Float,
     };
 }

rtchallenge/src/shapes.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use derive_builder::Builder;
 use crate::{
     intersections::Intersections,
     materials::{Material, MaterialBuilder},
-    matrices::Matrix4x4,
+    matrices::{identity, Matrix4x4},
     rays::Ray,
     tuples::Tuple,
 };
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ pub enum Geometry {
     Plane,
     /// AABB cube at origin from -1,1 in each direction.
     Cube,
+    /// Takes shape from children held within.
+    Group(Vec<Shape>),
 }
 
 impl Default for Geometry {
@@ -41,6 +43,7 @@ impl PartialEq for Geometry {
             (Sphere, Sphere) => true,
             (Plane, Plane) => true,
             (Cube, Cube) => true,
+            (Group(v1), Group(v2)) => v1 == v2,
             _ => false,
         }
     }
@@ -50,10 +53,9 @@ impl PartialEq for Geometry {
 /// many different shapes based on the value of it's geometry field.  Users chose the shape by
 /// calling the appropriate constructor, i.e. [Shape::sphere].
 #[derive(Builder, Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
-#[builder(default, pattern = "owned")]
+#[builder(default, pattern = "owned", build_fn(skip))]
 pub struct Shape {
     transform: Matrix4x4,
-    #[builder(private, default = "self.default_inverse_transform()?")]
     inverse_transform: Matrix4x4,
     pub material: Material,
     geometry: Geometry,
@@ -78,6 +80,11 @@ pub fn cube() -> ShapeBuilder {
     ShapeBuilder::cube()
 }
 
+/// Short hand for creating a ShapeBuilder with a group geometry.
+pub fn group() -> ShapeBuilder {
+    ShapeBuilder::group()
+}
+
 /// Helper for producing a sphere with a glassy material.
 pub fn glass_sphere() -> ShapeBuilder {
     ShapeBuilder::sphere().material(
@@ -107,9 +114,38 @@ impl ShapeBuilder {
     pub fn cube() -> ShapeBuilder {
         ShapeBuilder::default().geometry(Geometry::Cube)
     }
+    /// Short hand for creating a ShapeBuilder with a group geometry.
+    pub fn group() -> ShapeBuilder {
+        ShapeBuilder::default().geometry(Geometry::Group(Vec::new()))
+    }
 
-    fn default_inverse_transform(&self) -> Result<Matrix4x4, String> {
+    /// Add child shapes, only valid for Group::Geometry.
-        Ok(self.transform.unwrap_or(Matrix4x4::identity()).inverse())
+    pub fn add_child(mut self, child: Shape) -> ShapeBuilder {
+        if let Some(Geometry::Group(ref mut children)) = &mut self.geometry {
+            children.push(child);
+        }
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn build(&self) -> Result<Shape, ShapeBuilderError> {
+        let mut s = Shape::default();
+
+        if let Some(transform) = &self.transform {
+            s.set_transform(transform.clone());
+        }
+        if let Some(material) = &self.material {
+            s.material = material.clone();
+        };
+        if let Some(geometry) = &self.geometry {
+            s.geometry = geometry.clone();
+        };
+        let transform = s.transform().clone();
+        if let Geometry::Group(ref mut children) = s.geometry {
+            children
+                .into_iter()
+                .for_each(|c| c.set_transform(transform * c.transform()));
+        }
+        Ok(s)
     }
 }
 
@@ -158,6 +194,14 @@ impl Shape {
             geometry: Geometry::Cube,
         }
     }
+    pub fn group() -> Shape {
+        Shape {
+            transform: Matrix4x4::identity(),
+            inverse_transform: Matrix4x4::identity(),
+            material: Material::default(),
+            geometry: Geometry::Group(Vec::new()),
+        }
+    }
     /// Find the normal at the point on the sphere.
     pub fn normal_at(&self, world_point: Tuple) -> Tuple {
         let object_point = self.inverse_transform * world_point;
@@ -166,6 +210,7 @@ impl Shape {
             Geometry::Plane => Tuple::vector(0., 1., 0.),
             Geometry::TestShape(_) => object_point,
             Geometry::Cube => cube::local_normal_at(object_point),
+            Geometry::Group(_) => todo!("normal_at"),
         };
         let mut world_normal = self.inverse_transform.transpose() * object_normal;
         world_normal.w = 0.;
@@ -197,6 +242,7 @@ pub fn intersect<'s>(shape: &'s Shape, ray: &Ray) -> Intersections<'s> {
         Geometry::Plane => plane::intersect(shape, &local_ray),
         Geometry::TestShape(_) => test_shape::intersect(shape, &local_ray),
         Geometry::Cube => cube::intersect(shape, &local_ray),
+        Geometry::Group(_) => group::intersect(shape, &ray),
     }
 }
 
@@ -380,6 +426,83 @@ mod cube {
     }
 }
 
+mod group {
+    use crate::{intersections::Intersections, rays::Ray, shapes::Shape};
+
+    use super::Geometry;
+
+    pub fn intersect<'s>(shape: &'s Shape, ray: &Ray) -> Intersections<'s> {
+        if let Geometry::Group(children) = &shape.geometry {
+            let mut intersections: Vec<_> = children
+                .iter()
+                .map(|c| super::intersect(c, ray))
+                .flatten()
+                .collect();
+            intersections.sort_by(|a, b| {
+                a.t.partial_cmp(&b.t)
+                    .expect("an intersection has a t value that is NaN")
+            });
+            return Intersections::new(intersections);
+        }
+        unreachable!();
+    }
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    mod tests {
+        use crate::{
+            matrices::{scaling, translation},
+            rays::Ray,
+            shapes::{intersect, Shape, ShapeBuilder},
+            tuples::{point, vector},
+        };
+
+        #[test]
+        fn intersecting_empty_group() {
+            let g = Shape::group();
+            let r = Ray::new(point(0., 0., 0.), vector(0., 0., 1.));
+            let xs = intersect(&g, &r);
+            assert_eq!(xs.len(), 0);
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn intersecting_nonempty_group() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+            let s1 = Shape::sphere();
+            let s2 = ShapeBuilder::sphere()
+                .transform(translation(0., 0., -3.))
+                .build()?;
+            let s3 = ShapeBuilder::sphere()
+                .transform(translation(5., 0., 0.))
+                .build()?;
+            let g = ShapeBuilder::group()
+                .add_child(s1.clone())
+                .add_child(s2.clone())
+                .add_child(s3.clone())
+                .build()?;
+            let r = Ray::new(point(0., 0., -5.), vector(0., 0., 1.));
+            let xs = intersect(&g, &r);
+            assert_eq!(xs.len(), 4);
+            assert_eq!(xs[0].object, &s2);
+            assert_eq!(xs[1].object, &s2);
+            assert_eq!(xs[2].object, &s1);
+            assert_eq!(xs[3].object, &s1);
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        #[test]
+        fn intersecting_transformed_group() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+            let g = ShapeBuilder::group()
+                .transform(scaling(2., 2., 2.))
+                .add_child(
+                    ShapeBuilder::sphere()
+                        .transform(translation(5., 0., 0.))
+                        .build()?,
+                )
+                .build()?;
+            let r = Ray::new(point(10., 0., -10.), vector(0., 0., 1.));
+            let xs = intersect(&g, &r);
+            assert_eq!(xs.len(), 2);
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+}
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     mod shape_builder {